Basic Concepts of Electrical Engineering Following are the basic electrical concepts 1. Current 2. Voltage 3. Resistance 4. Capacitance 5. Power 6. Energy What is current? Current is the flow of electrical charge carries like electrons. It is denoted by 'I'. SI Unit of current is Ampere. What is voltage? Simply it is the electrical potential difference between two points.It is also known as electrical pressure. It is denoted by 'V'. It is measured in Volts. What is resistance? Resistance means oppose, in electrical current - opposition that offers a substance to flow of electrical current. It is denoted by 'Ω' It is measured in ohm. Resistivity (ρ) Property of a material that indicates how much it will oppose the flow of electric current. Resistance calculation R - the resistance in ohms (Ω). ρ - the resistivity in ohms-meter (Ω×m). l - the length of the conductor in meter (m). A -the cross-sectional area of the conductor in square meters (m2). What is capacitance? Capacitance is the ability of an object to store the electric charge/energy. It is denoted by 'C'. It is measured in farad. What is Power? Electric power is defined as the rate of energy consumption in an electrical circuit or network. It is denoted by ‘P’ The electric power is measured in watts. The electric power P is equal to the energy consumption E divided by the consumption time t: P=E/t P - the electric power in watt (W). E - the energy consumption in joule (J). t - the time in seconds (s). Electrical Energy : It is the product of electric power and time. The unit of energy is watt-hour. E= P×t Ohms Law Ohms law firstly described by Mr. Georg Ohm in 1827. Basically, it is the relationship between current, voltage and resistance. Statement : At a constant temperature, the electrical current flowing through a fixed linear component is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it and inversely proportional to resistance. I = V/R Limitations of ohms law : 1. It is not applicable to unilateral elements like a diode , transistor . Unilateral networks that allow the current to flow in only one direction 2. It is also not applicable to non-linear elements like thyristor . Non-linear elements are those which do not have current exactly proportional to the applied voltage that means the resistance value of those elements changes for different values of voltage and current

Basic  Concepts of Electrical Engineering

Following are the basic electrical concepts

1. Current 

2. Voltage

3. Resistance

4. Capacitance
5. Power
6. Energy

What is current?

Current is the flow of electrical charge carries like electrons.

It is denoted by 'I'.

SI Unit of current is Ampere.

What is voltage?

Simply it is the electrical potential difference between two points.
It is also known as electrical pressure.

It is denoted by 'V'.

It is measured in Volts.

What is resistance?

Resistance means oppose, in electrical current - opposition that offers a substance to flow of electrical current.

It is denoted by 'Ω'

It is measured in ohm.

Resistivity (ρ)

Property of a material that indicates how much it will oppose the flow of electric current.

Resistance calculation

R - the resistance in ohms (Ω).

ρ - the resistivity in ohms-meter (Ω×m).

l  - the length of the conductor in meter (m).

A -the cross-sectional area of the conductor in square meters (m2).

What is capacitance?

Capacitance is the ability of an object to store the electric charge/energy.

It is denoted by 'C'.

It is measured in farad.

What is Power?

Electric power is defined as the rate of energy consumption in an electrical circuit or network.

It is denoted by ‘P’

The electric power is measured in watts.

The electric power P is equal to the energy consumption E divided by the consumption time t:

                                    P=E/t

P - the electric power in watt (W).

E - the energy consumption in joule (J).

t  - the time in seconds (s).

Electrical Energy :

It is the product of electric power and time.

The unit of energy is watt-hour.

	E= P×t

 

Ohms Law

Ohms law firstly described by Mr. Georg Ohm in 1827.

Basically, it is the relationship between current, voltage and resistance.

Statement :

At a constant temperature, the electrical current flowing through a fixed linear component is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it and inversely proportional to resistance.

	I = V/R

 

                                  

Limitations of ohms law : 

1. It is not applicable to unilateral elements like a diode , transistor . Unilateral networks that allow the current to flow in only one direction

2. It is also not applicable to non-linear elements like thyristor . Non-linear elements are those which do not have current exactly proportional to the applied voltage that means the resistance value of those elements changes for different values of voltage and current